Underwater hull block

For salvaging a sunken ship or salvage damaged a leaky ship, sometimes need a sealed tank, fill holes, plugging, etc. The hull block used in Marine accident. Hull block in most cases need a diver to complete. Sealing equipment and methods are varied, need according to the damage location and severity, plugging and objective conditions to determine then and there. For example, are floating ship, due to reasons such as Marine accident or war, suddenly broken leaks, and retrograde must clock that plugging rescue, to be wrecked stop licensing conditions, such as leakage or leakage is under control, further disposal. As for has already sunk ship, such as using battening pumping salvage, also should undertake underwater back cover. 
A, floating ship underwater plugging 
Is sailing ship collision, stranding, rocks or reasons of force majeure, the hull part is damaged, damaged parts if below the waterline, will make the ship large amounts of water and tilting, even the loss of buoyancy and sank. Rescue principle is quickly plugging, control as much as possible into the water and remove water, preventing further damage and to make things worse. Save the final goal is to keep the ship sailed on the ability of time to reach safety or continue to perform a task. 
(a) floating ship underwater blocking the main equipment: all kinds of patch, mat, hooked bolts, plugging box, bent clamp support, waterproof sheet, wedge, cork, cotton and rubber mat and so on. 
Sealing equipment in some ready-made products, some can be prefabricated, others must be according to the site condition improvised. So also equipped with a sufficient number of all kinds of special tools, such as saws, axe, planer, chisel, pliers, Lang head and wrench, etc. On the special tool box, special custody, in case of urgent need. 
(2) the loopholes 
1. The nature of the holes, the area of the ship leak is small. Every hole area is large, was badly damaged and divers to meet the block are more difficult. Ship floating water holes, and can be divided into underwater by location, near to the waterline and three kinds of water. 
2. Look for loopholes methods: floating on the surface of the ship after leaking, leaking water according to the following phenomena: hull as tilt to the left, right, front and back, shows that has a lot of water, tilted loopholes in the party; The tank of the tank bottom radical increase, holes in the tank; From the bilge water increased speed, determine the size of the holes; Hold a into the water, from the size and direction of the sound, judge the hole size and location; Divers in the yard with bamboo, bamboo SPAR, mop or other tools to explore on the hull. If you can hook on the edge of the hole or feel suction, position of the holes can be judged; Explored the vulnerability of the diver must use a tool, bear in mind that directly to explored with hands or feet. Otherwise, in case of large holes in divers can itself be made outside the hull and the water absorption of the cabin pressure. 
3. The plugging method: small holes and cracks can be used wooden wedge and the stopper plugging; Like portholes and compares level hole available patch block; Hole is not big and relatively flat, but with patch has difficulty, available mat plugging; When plug up loopholes in cracks or small, usable bent clamp with cotton, blankets, timber, etc; To the high edge of small holes, available of the precast box plugging; Hole is not too big, but is in danger, can use waterproof plugging after, at the same time the cabin should be further block; In order to prevent leakage, probably should be leak to the other all accommodation space, such as hatch, Windows and doors, all kinds of pipe and wire hole completely blocked, etc.